NOTE: All references to page numbers in the following footnotes refer to pages in the paperback edition of The Spirit of the Internet.

Footnotes

Chapter 3 · Conscious Evolution and the Evolution of Consciousness

1. Briefly stated, Chardin's Law of Complexity and Consciousness holds that increasing complexity always results in an increase in consciousness and vice versa.

2. Teilhard de Chardin's "The Formation of the Noosphere," Revue des Questions Scientifiques (Louvain), pp. 7-35, January 1947, found in Teilhard de Chardin's The Future of Man, p. 174 (New York: Harper & Row, 1964).

3. Alvin Toffler's Powershift, p. 18 (Bantam Books, 1990).

4. In the concluding chapters, I will describe ways in which one can become a vigilant netizen.

5. See page 193 for a description of the "anarchy" that rules the Internet.

6. Albert Hofmann, Ph.D., "Natural Science and the Mystical World View," from Robert Forte's (ed.) Entheogens and the Future of Religion, p. 51 (San Francisco: Council on Spiritual Practices, 1997).

7. For an intriguing discussion of the amount of energy required to hold a single thought in one's mind, see Adam McLean's Quantum Consciousness, found at www.levity.com/alchemy/quantum.html.

8. The above description of a public display of the powers of hypnotism is in no way meant to denigrate hypnotherapy. For information about the medical uses of hypnosis see the web site of The International Medical and Dental Hypnotherapy Association at www.infinityinst.com/ aboutim.html.

9. For a detailed, but easily understood, analysis of the laws of self-organization and complexity, see Stuart Kauffman's At Home in the Universe (Oxford University Press, 1995).

10. Amory B. Lovins and L. Hunter Lovins' "A Tale of Two Botanies," Wired 8.04, p. 247, April 2000.

11. Bill Joy's "Why the Future Doesn't Need Us," Wired 8.04, p. 248, April 2000.

Chapter 4 · The Internet as a Chaotic Attractor

1. Originally, mathematicians used the term "strange attractor" when dealing with certain aspects of probabilistic behavior. Today, most scientists and mathematicians prefer the term "chaotic attractor."

2. Ralph Abraham, Terence McKenna, and Rupert Sheldrake's Trialogues at the Edge of the West, p. 3 (Santa Fe: Bear & Company, 1992).

3. Stuart Kauffman's At Home in the Universe, p. 26 (Oxford University Press, 1995).

4. Ralph Abraham's Chaos, Gaia, Eros, p. 60 (Harper San Francisco 1994).

5. Adam Combs' "Consciousness: Chaotic and Strangely Attractive," found at http://www.goertzel.org/dynapsyc/1995/COMBS.html.

6. Werner Heisenberg (1901-1976) was a German physicist, philosopher and Nobel laureate whose indeterminacy, or uncertainty, principle has had a profound influence on modern physics and philosophy.

7. As difficult as it may be for us to accept a "quantum world," superstring theory promises to reveal even greater strangeness.

8. Teilhard de Chardin's The Phenomenon of Man, p. 281 (New York: Harper & Row, 1959).

9. Found at http://burningpixel.com/Baby/BabyMus1.htm.

10. John S. Bell's "On the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox," Physics 1, pp. 195-200, 1964.

11. Ray Kurzweil's The Age of Spiritual Machines, p. 105 (New York: Viking, 1999).

12. John Major Jenkins' Mayan Cosmogenesis 2012, p. 22 (Santa Fe: Bear & Company, 1998).

13. Jenkins, p. 328.

14. See footnote 4 on page 196 of the "Addendum" for a brief description of the work of Nicola Tesla.

15. Erik Davis' Techgnosis, pp. 70-71 (Three Rivers Press, 1998).

16. Teilhard de Chardin's "The Formation of the Noosphere," Revue des Questions Scientifiques (Louvain), 7-35, January 1947, found in Teilhard de Chardin's The Future of Man, p. 177 (New York: Harper & Row, 1964).

17. John Donne (1572-1631) was a poet, prose writer, and clergyman, considered to be one of the greatest of the metaphysical poets.

18. Vernor Vinge's "Technological Singularity," Whole Earth Review, December 10, 1993.

19. Ray Kurzweil's "The Web Within Us: Minds and Machines Become One," Business 2.0, pp. 173-175, December 1999.

20. Kevin Warwick's "Cyborg 1.0," Wired, p. 146, February 2000.

21. See footnote 2 on page 190 for a discussion of "good" and "bad" hackers.

22. For a clear and compelling description of how we can expect to be living fifty years from now, see George Johnson's "Only Connect," Wired 8.01, pp. 148-160, January, 2000.

Chapter 5 · Freedom in Cyberspace

1. Richard Glen Boire, Esq., is the Executive Director of the Alchemind Society (www.alchemind.org) and holds a Doctorate of Jurisprudence from the University of California, Berkeley. He is an expert on constitutional and criminal law, specializing in the jurisprudence of extraordinary states of consciousness, dissident thinking, and shamanic inebriants.

2. Richard Glen Boire's "On Cognitive Liberty (Part I)," Journal of Cognitive Liberties Vol. 1, No. 1, p. 8, Winter 1999/2000.

3. National Plan for Information Systems Protection Version 1.0, available at www.whitehouse.gov/WH/EOP/NSC/html/documents/npisp-execsummary-000105.pdf. [Editor's note: As of February 7, 2002 this was no longer a valid link.]

4. Found at www.deoxy.org/sciwarn.htm.

5. Ibid.

6. John Perry Barlow's "Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace" may be found at www.eff.org/pub/Publications/John_Perry_Barlow/ barlow_0296.declaration.

7. J.B.S. Haldane's "Daedalus or Science and the Future," 1923, found at www.santafe.edu/~shalizi/Daedalus.html.

8. Alan Watts is best known for his books and lectures about Zen and other Eastern philosophies.

Chapter 6 · Your Future in Cyberspace

1. This statement is not intended to lessen the importance of the vast amount of work that went into preparing the world's computer systems for the year 2000 rollover. Without the long hours and billions of dollars spent in preparation, we would surely have experienced numerous calamities.

2. Nua Internet Surveys, Nua, Ltd., www.nua.ie/surveys.

3. For example, at the end of its first fifteen years of operations, the Bell Telephone Company had installed fewer than 250,000 telephones in the United States.

4. Terence McKenna's The Archaic Revival, p. 21 (Harper San Francisco, 1991).

5. Francesca Fremantle and Ch·gyam Trungpa (translators), The Tibetan Book of the Dead, p. 43 (Boston: Shambhala, 1987).

6. Elizabeth Arnold and Rod Beckstr·m's Brainticklers II, p. 2 (San Francisco: Brainticklers Publishing, 1999).

7. Arnold, Brainticklers II, p. 21.

8. Ibid., p. 45.

9. Ibid., p. 77.

10. See Joseph Romm's "The Internet Economy and Global Warming," December 1999, found at http://www.cool-companies.org/ecom/pr.cfm for an interesting study of the relationship between shipping methods and total energy spent to deliver merchandise. [Editor's note: As of February 7, 2002 this link was no longer active.]

11. See "Privacy Advocates Call On Congress To Investigate "Cookiegate" at www.epic.org/privacy/internet/cookiegate_pr.html.

12. For an overview of the "Communications Decency Act" see www.epic.org/CDA.

13. "Cashing free speech: Hatch Feinstein Act tramples First Amendment," Editorial in The Michigan Daily Online, August 9, 1999, found at www.pub.umich.edu.

14. Erik Davis' Techgnosis, p. 263 (Three Rivers Press, 1998).

15. See page 199 for a description of the activities of the IETF.

Chapter 7 · The Internet as a Cathedral

1. Mircea Eliade was educated as a philosopher. He published extensively in the history of religions and was editor-in-chief of Macmillan's Encyclopedia of Religion. The influence of his thought, through these works and through thirty years as director of the History of Religions department at Chicago University, is considerable.

2. Teilhard Chardin's "The Formation of the Noosphere," Revue des Questions Scientifiques (Louvain), pp. 7-35, January 1947.

3. Nicolas Negroponte is a co-founder and director of MIT's futuristic Media Laboratory.

4. Nicolas Negroponte's "Will Everything Be Digital?," Time Magazine, p. 87, Volume 155, No. 25, June 19, 2000.

5. Stuart Kauffman's At Home in the Universe, p. 90 (Oxford University Press, 1995).

6. Ibid. p. 90.

7. See http://robotics.eecs.berkeley.edu/~pister/SmartDust/ for a view of current device sizes and where they will be in the near future.

8. Although these devices will most likely be supported by proprietary networks, these networks, in turn, will retrieve a significant portion of their content from the public Internet.

9. Jeffrey Rosen's "Why Internet Privacy Matters," The New York Times Magazine Section 6, p. 51, April 30, 2000, which is an excerpt from Jeffrey Rosen's The Unwanted Gaze: The Destruction of Privacy in America (Random House, 2000).

10. Information about locating and joining Internet discussion groups may be found at www.matrixmasters.com.

11. "Current Turmoil May Be Spawning a New Era," The Tarrytown Letter, p. 9, (Tarrytown, NY: The Tarrytown Group, March 1981).

12. John Major Jenkins' Maya Cosmogenesis 2012, pp. 331-332 (Santa Fe: Bear & Company, 1998).

13. Terence McKenna's "Psychedelic Society," found in Robert Forte's (ed.), Entheogens and the Future of Religion (San Francisco: Council on Spiritual Practices, 1997).

14. For an interesting discussion of what such a singularity might entail, see Eliezer S. Yudkowski's "Staring Into The Singularity," found at www.singinst.org/singularity.html.

15. Regarding the "next Internet," on May 29, 1998, in his keynote speech at "The Marshall Symposium," Vinton Cerf said, "And it is time now to start designing the interplanetary Internet. And I can tell you, it's already begun. I've started work with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory on a design for such a system, and we hope that we will get our work done in time for those colonies to show up in 25 years time and be on the interplanetary Internet" (www.si.umich.edu/marshall/docs/p106.htm).

Epilogue

1. R. Buckminster Fuller's work to provide sustainable development around the globe is now being carried on in part by the Global Energy Network Institute, GENI. Details of their strategy and programs may be found at www.geni.org.

2. R. Buckminster Fuller's Critical Path, pp. xxv-xxvi (St. Martin's Press, 1981).

The Art of Steven Rooke

1. Ralph Abraham is a writer, lecturer, and Professor of Mathematics at the University of California at Santa Cruz. He has been active on the research frontier of dynamics in mathematics since 1960, and in applications and experiments since 1973. He has been a consultant on chaos theory and its applications in numerous fields (medical physiology, ecology, mathematical economics, psychotherapy, etc.) and is an active editor for the technical journals World Futures, and the International Journal of Bifurcations and Chaos.

2. Rupert Sheldrake is a biologist and author. He received a Ph.D. in biochemistry from Cambridge and studied philosophy at Harvard. Dr. Sheldrake has conducted extensive field work and has carried out research on the development of plants and the aging of cells. His book Seven Experiments that Could Change the World received the Best Book of the Year Award from the British Institute for Social Inventions and was selected in 1998 as one of the 150 works in the Utne Reader Loose Canon: "Great Works To Set Your Imagination on Fire."

3. A detailed description of Steven Rooke's process for creating evolutionary art may be found at http://www.azstarnet.com/~srooke/ process.html.

Addendum

1. Arthur C. Clarke, one of the most celebrated science fiction authors of our time and the author of more than sixty books, published his first three "laws" of technology in the now out-of-print Profiles of the Future: an Inquiry into the Limits of the Possible.

2. It may come as a surprise to some readers to learn that there are both "good," or ethical, and "bad," or unethical, hackers. Many companies today hire ethical hackers who attempt to circumvent existing security barriers looking for weaknesses that can be shored up before they are discovered by unethical hackers who seek only to cause damage and try to steal valuable information. Before the widespread deployment of the Internet, the word "hacker" generally carried a more positive connotation than it does today. Originally, the term was used to describe a computer professional who was the master of her of his technological artifacts.

3. Teilhard de Chardin's The Future of Man, (Norman Denny, translator), p. 32 (New York: Harper & Row, 1964).

4. Nicola Tesla was an electrical genius without whose work our world would be very different today. At beginning of the 20th century, Tesla was perhaps the world's best known scientist. He was one of the first researchers to discover/investigate X-rays, the vacuum tube amplifier, radio, fluorescent bulbs, neon lights, the speedometer, the automobile ignition system, and the basics behind radar, the electron microscope, and the microwave oven. Tesla obtained patents for many other devices as well, including many of the fundamental patents for alternating current motors. Without Tesla's determined stand against the unscrupulous behavior of the powerful Thomas Edison, we might well be living in a dimly lighted world of DC power. His pioneering work on the mysteries of resonance has never been equaled, and much of it has been lost.

5. See "Help Save Free Speech" on page 127 for a discussion of current, and very serious, government attempts to eliminate free speech on the Internet.

6. Alvin Toffler's Power Shift, p. 8 (Bantam Books, 1990).

7. Network Working Group, RFC-3, found at ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc3.txt.

8. There are many places on the Internet to find listings of RFC. One good place to begin your search is on the RFC Editor's Home Page, which may be found at www.rfc-editor.org/.

9. This is an admittedly simplified overview if the IETF. Detailed information about this organization is available at their official web site, which may be found at www.ietf.org.

10. The reason most businesses are happy with this process is that, in general, the members of the IETF work for corporations, which are willing and able to pay the travel expenses of their representatives to the task force. Viewed from this perspective, of course, one could also argue that business enterprises are ultimately in control of the Internet.

11. An excellent place to begin your involvement with free speech issues on the Internet is at the web site of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, which may be found at www.eff.org/.

12. Don Tapscott's Growing Up Digital, p. 56 (McGraw-Hill, 1998.

13. Ibid., pp. 69-70).